Milling machine



March 175, ,1938.1

MILLING Filed Nov.

limi

2,111,288; MGHINE- l y 22, 19,35 '-4 sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY.

l March 15, 1938. H-HR| ACHER 2,111,288

MILLING MACHINE I -Filed NOV. 22, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 :g1-QJ 6 /ff ATTORNEY.

March 115,- 1938. H; HoRLcHIi-:R

MILLING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 "Filed Nov. 22, 1955 .fllll ATTORNEY.

Patented' Mar. 15, 1938 MILLING Herman Hoi-lacher, lCincinnati, Ohio, assignor to The Cincinnati Milling Machine Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application November 22, 1935, Serial No. 51,124

7 Claims. (Cl. 9021.5)

This invention relates to machine tools and more particularly to an improved form of milling machine.

One of the objects of this invention is to pro- 5 vide a machine tool in which cutting paths in y cutting path at a time.

A further object of this invention is to provide a machine tool for generating. cutting paths Alying in different planes.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readily apparent hy reference to the following specification, considered in con junction with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and it is to be understood that any modiiications may be made in the exact structural details there shown and descriloed,`

within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the invention.

Referring to the drawings in which like refer ence numerals indicate liire or similar parts:

Figure l is a front elevation of a machine tool embodying the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view showing the power transmission to the vertical spindle of the inachine.

Figure V3 is a plan view of the machine shown in Figure 1.

Figure i is a sectional view 'showing the power transmission to the horizontal cutter spindles.

Figure 5 is a detail view in elevation ci the trip mechanism associated with the movable cutter spindle carrier.

Figure 6 is a planview of a portion oi the mechanism shown in Figure 5, as viewed on the `line t-t oi that figure.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the trip mechanism mounted on the rear side of the work table.

Figure 8 is a detail section on the line t-t of Figure l.

Figure 9 is a detail view as taken on the line ii-ii of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a detail view taken on the linev it-it of Figure l.

Figure 1l is a view in elevation as taken on the line ii-ii of Figure 10.

Figure l2 is a. diagrammatic view of the transmission and control mechanism for the machine.

In milling large castings there is usually a number of plain surfaces to be finished or ma-n chined, but dueto the size of the casting the surfaces are widely separated and lie in ldifferent planes which prevents the possibility oi milling more than one surfacein a single seti -up with the ordinary and conventional types of milling machines.

The machine of this invention has been so contrived that a number of surfaces not susceptible of being machined in a single operation on conventional machines may be machined in a single setup of the work piece. Such a machine is illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 of the drawings and comprises a large rectangular base portion iii upon which is formed suitable guide: ways it for receiving and supporting a Work receiving table it. Mounted on another portion of the bed it is an upstanding structure I3 in which is journaled a pair of cutter spindles I4 and it. The structure it has a guideway i6 formed on the top thereof in which is slidably mounted a spindle carrier ii having a cutter spindle it rotatably journaled in the end thereof.

Power operable means are provided for reciprocating the table it transversely of the cutter spindles it .and it whereby a cutting path may he generated parallel to the direction of movement of the table; and additional power operable means have been provided for moving the spindle carrier i'i along a path angularly related to the path of movement of the table whereby a cutting path may be generated when the table is held stationary whichhas a direction which is angularly related to the direction of table movement.

Separate power operable means have been provided for rotating the vertical spindle and the horizontal spindles and these means are illustrated in Figures 2 and t respectively of the drawings. The power transmission for rotating the vertical spindle is shown in Figure 2 and is self-contained and movable with the carrier ill. This transmission includes a prime mover, such as the electric motor it, which is connected through a chain drive it for rotation of shaft 2 i. This shait has a bevel pinion 22 which ntermeshes with a large bevel gear it which is journaled in anti-'friction hearings 2t and which has a splined connection with the spindle i8. The spindle4 It is anti-frictionally journaled in a quill mi which is vertically adjusted in the carrier il whereby the plane of rotation of the cutter 2li attached to the spindle may he variably determined.

The quill adjusting mechanism may be of a conventional type comprising a manually rotatable shaft 2l which is connected through bevel gearing 28 to a worm Wheel it, ntermeshing with suitably formed teeth iii) cut in the periphery of the quill 25. There has thus been provided a carrier which is movable in an angularrelation with respect to the table and which has selfcontained therein a power transmission for rotating a. Yelftlcal spindle which is axially adjustable in accordance with the height of the surface to be finished.

Thehorizontal cutter spindles I4 and I5, shown in Figure 4, are driven from a second prime mover, such as the motor 5| which is mounted upon the top of the structure i3 connected by a chain and sprocket drive 32 for rotation of a common drive shaft 33. This. shaft carries a pinion 34 which rotates spur gear 35 for rotation of cutter spindle I5; and drives spur gear 35 for rotation of spindle I4, the spur gear 35 intermeshing with gear 31 .which has a splineconnection with spindle |4.

The cutter spindle |4 is anti-frictionally journaled at one end in an adjustable quill 35 whereby a cutter 35 attached to theend of the spindle may be variably located in accordance with the position of the surface to be finished. A mechanism indicated generally by the reference numeral may be utilised for adjusting the quill and this mechanism may be the same as that described in connection with the quill adjusting mechanism shown in Figure 2.

The cutter spindle I5 is eccentrically Journaled in a quill 4| andhas an internal gear 42 keyed to the upper end thereof. The internal gear 42 meshes with a spur gear 45 which is fixed with shaft 44 which carries the spur gear 35. By means of this arrangement the cutter spindle |5 may be rotated in its eccentric position and the quill 4| may be rotatably adjusted without breaking the driving connection to the spindle.

In addition the internal gear 42 has elongated teeth whereby the quill 4| may be axially adjusted to vary the cutting plane of the cutter 45 attached to the end of spindle I 5. 4A quill adjusting mechanism, indicated generally by the reference numeral 45, is provided for effecting'axial adjustment of the quill. 'Ihe support Il is divided, as shown at 41 in Figure 1, for clamping purposes and a pair of clamping bolts 45 are provided for securely clamping the quill in any adjusted position. It will be noted from Figure 1 that the end of the quill 4| has a plurality of radial holes 45 drilled in the periphery thereof whereby a suitably formed wrench may be utilized for changing the eccentric position of the cutter spindle. By means of this arrangement the cutter 45 may be raised or lowered in a vertical plane and axially adjusted in a horizontal plane in accordance with the position of the surface on the work which is to be finished.

Fluid operable means are provided for reciprocating the table I2 and the carrier i1. As shown in Figure l2, a cylinder 55 having a contained piston 5| is provided for moving the table i2, the piston being connected by a piston rod 52 to the end of the table.

A cylinder 53 having a contained piston 54 is provided for moving the carrier, the piston being connected by the piston rod 55 to one end of the carrier.

Fluid is supplied to these cylinders from a common set of pumps including avariable delivery feed pump 55, a pump 51 and a rapid traverse pump 55. A first control valve 55 is provided for determining the coupling of the pumps to the cylinder 55, and a second control valve 55 is provided for controlling the flow to cylinder 55. These valves are exactly the same in construction and each one has three positions, including a feed position, a central or stop position and a rapid traverse position. The plunger 5| of valve 55 is shown in a stop position and the plunger 52 of valve 55 is shown in a feed forward P951- tion. Thus, no-fluid will be delivered to the cylinder 55, but will be delivered to the cylinder 53.

In the latter case, the port 53 of valve 55, which`is connected by channel 54 to the feed port 55 of cylinder 53, is connected by a cannelure 55 in plunger 52 to port 51. The variable delivery feed pump 55 has a delivery line 55 connected to port 51 and a return line 55 which is connected to port 15. The port 15 is connected by a cannelure 1| to port 12 of valve 55 and this port is -connected by channel 13 to the other end of cylinder 53. Thus, .the fluid from the variable delivery pump 55 is delivered to one end of cylinder 55 and the fluid escaping from the other end of the cylinder is returned to 'the intake of the variable delivery pump. In order to care for any leakage of oil from the system and to insure a constant pressure, a low volume high pressure booster pump 51 is supercharged by the rapid traverse pump 55 through channel 14 and the delivery port of the pump is connected by channel 15 to channel 55 which is the delivery line of the variable feed pump.

It will be noted that the port 51 is in the form of an annular groove in valve 55 and this annular l'groove is connected by channel 15 to port 11 of valve 55. The port 11 thus corresponds to port 51 of valve 55 in that both are supplied from the lvariable delivery feed pump 55 so that by connecting either of these ports to the respective cylinders, the respectivel slides will be moved at a feed rate; Similarly, the port 15 is connected by a channel 15 to port 15 of valve 55 so that the return side of cylinder 55 may be connected to the intake side of the variable delivery pump when the output of the pump is connected to the opposite end of the cylinder.

As previously mentioned, the valve plunger 5I is in a stop position and therefore the pressure port 11 is disconnected by the spool 55 from port 5| and channel 52 leading to one end of cylinder 55. Likewise the port 15 is disconnected by the valve spool 53 from port 54 and channel 55 leading to the opposite end of cylinder 55.

The rapid traverse pump 55 is utilized for returning either oi' the slides to a starting position at a fast rate and has a delivery channel 55 which is connected to port 51 of valve 55. When the pump is not being utilized for effecting movement of the slide, it is desirable that the same be connected to reservoir so as to eliminate high pressures building up in the various channels. Therefore, at this time, the port 51 is connected by cannelure 55 to port 59 and channel 55. This channel is connected by port 9|, cannelure 52 and port 53 to the return line 54 which leads to the reservoir The port 51 thus becomes the rapid traverse supply port for valve 55 and the port 9| the rapid traverse supply port for valve 59. In other words, when the plunger 52 is shifted to the extreme right position it moves a sufilcient distance to interconnect port 9| with port 12, whereby fluid from pump 55 will be delivered to the end of cylinder 53 opposite to the feed port 55 to thereby cause a rapid return movement of the slide i1. At this time the channel 54 is connected by the cannelure 55 to the return port 55 which is connected by branch 51 to the return line 54. When the plunger 52 is in the same position as the plunger 5| is now shown the slide |1 will be stopped.

The valveplunger 5| which controls movement of slide I 2 has the same three positions as plunger 52v and when shifted to the left will connect the feed port 11 to port 5| to cause feed movement oscillatable member |03.

of slide l2 ltoward the left; and in its'other extreme position will connect the rapid traverse port 01 to port 84 to cause a rapid return movement of slide l2. 'I'he valve plunger 82 is shifted by a lever arm 98 connected to rotatable shaft 99. The shaft 99 extends through the bed of the machine, as shown in Figure 1, where it is provided with a manually-operable handle |00.

The shaft 99 is also adapted to be trip actuated from a feed position to a rapid traverse position.

The shaft 99 extends through to the opposite end of the bed where it is provided with crank arm |0| which is connected by a link |02 to the This member has a pivotal connection at |04 to'a link |05 which is operatively connected througha bell crankv|06 to link |01. The link |01 is connected to the crank arm |09 of a trip plunger |09. A trip lever i |0 is attached to the trip plungerfand has a pair of contact portions and ||2 at opposite extremities thereof which, as shown in' Figure 6, lie in different planes. The contact portion is adapted to be engaged by trip dog. t and the portion ||2 is adapted to be engaged by the trip dog lli. A detent plate M5 is keyed to the plunger |09 and a spring pressed detent 6 is associated therewith tor normally holding the trip plunger in either one of two rotatable positions. i

in other Words, as the slide il? advances on its feeding stroke, which would be to the left as viewed in Figure 5, the trip dog H3 will engage the contact portion iii and rotate plunger 003 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in `Figure 5. This wili aiso cause rotation oi the detent plate t. lit will be noted, however, that the notches il! and itt in the detent' plate are cut to different depths so that the peak t is not located midway of the throw oi the lever, but to one side oi the center whereby after approximately one-third of the Athrow has been completeol the detent member it wiil ride over the peak and automatically complete the remainder of th throw. A similar detent lever iii is associated with the shaft itt and has a cooperating spring pressed detent t it IThe end of this detent lever is formed the same as lever tit and therefore will assist in completing the automatic shitting of plunger t2. By having a detent lever at each end of the linkage it is possible to obtain accurate positioning of the valve plunger t2, as well as accurate positioning of the trip plunger.

When the valve piunger tt is shifted to its extreme right position by the trip mechanism, the rate, as well as the direction of movement. of

the slide il is changed because, first, the rapid traverse pump is connected to the cylinder 53 and furthermore this pump is connected to the opposite end of the. cylinder to which the ieed pump was connected.

As the 4slide il? returns toits starting position at a rapid traverse'ratethe dog tit will engage the contact portion iii offlever i and rotate the same in a clockwise direction, as viewed prevent the. operator from actuating the control lever |00 in a direction to complete this movement,which would result in the slide moving ahead again on a. feed stroke.

The valve plunger 6| is operated by a simple trip mechanism comprising a trip plunger |22 to which is attached another trip lever ||0 which is operable by dogs |23 and |24 carried by the slide |2. Also attached to the trip plunger |22 is a lever |25 which is connected by a link |26 ,to a lever |21 which is keyed to shaft |28. This shaft carries another detent plate |20 having a spring pressed detent |2|. A manually operable lever |29 mounted on the front of the machine is keyed to the end of the shaft |28 for manual operation of the valve plunger 6| through the lever |30 keyed to shaft |28. In the position of the parts shown the trip dog |23 prevents movement oi' the trip lever |30 in a clockwise direction, but will permit movement of the lever in a counterclockwise direction to institute a feeding movement of slide I2.

An interlocking mechanism has been provided fora preventing ymovement of either hand lever |00 or hand lever |29 to a feed position when the other has already been moved to such a position and comprises an interlock lever |3i formed integral Withthe pivoted member |03 which is adapted to cooperate with an interlock plate |32 carried by the slide i2. The plate |32 has a notch |33 formed in it which is adapted to receive a roller |34 carried in the end of lever l3| when the slide l2 is in a returned stop position. If the slide i2 is actuated, the roller i3 is moved out of the slot by the moving plate itt, which rotates the shaft 33 and detent |20 in a clockwise direction to a mid-position if not,`

already in such position, further movement in' This linkage comprises a link |39 which is con- 'nected through a bell crank |40 to a link iti 4which, in turn, is pivotally connected to lever Iltiiof trip plunger |22, When-the slide il is in its return position the end of the interlock lever iii'..may move in a clockwise direction beyond theencl of plate |35.- But when the slide |1 is eigeciiting a. cycle, movement of lever' '|30 connected to plunger |3| is prevented in one di- 'rection by interlock lever |36 engaging interlock plate |35, andin the opposite direction b trip arml IIlengagingY-trip dog |23.

t separate stop-1ever M2 has been provided on the front of the machine, as shown in. Figure l, and this lever is so connected that regardless of which slide is being moved, operation of this lever will stop said movement. This lever is connected to a shaft |03, which, as shown in Figure 8, has a crank arm Itri connected by a link itt to acrank arm |06 keyed to shaft |41. The shaft |41 actually extends in a vertical direction in the machine, as shown in Figure 9, and has aA pair of spools |40 keyed thereto, each spool having a at side |49. These spools are positicned opposite the detent levers |20 whereby when they are in the position shown in Figures l0 and 11 the levers may be rotated but when the spool is rotated to the position shown in Figures 8 and 9, the detent levers will be moved to a central position and heldin such position against movement until the stop lever is returned to a running position.

If it is desired that the slide |1 move at variable rates, a rate control cam |50 may be attached to the side of the slide for cooperation with a crank |5| which is connected by link |52, bell crank |55 and link |54 to lever |55 pivotally mounted on the fixed shaft |56. 'I'he lever |55 may have integrally connected therewith a suitably shaped cam member |51 which can engage the roller |55 in the end of the pump control pendulum |55 whereby rotation of the cam |51 in a clockwise direction will increase the displacement of the pump. A spring |50 may be attached to the cam |51 to rotate the same in a counterclockwise direction and permit the pump pendulum to return to a zero displacement position.

'Ihere has thus been provided an improved machine for the purposes disclosed which is simple to construct and operate and which makes rit possible to machine a number of surfaces on a single set-up of a work piece, which would normally be inaccessible' on the conventional type of machines and therefore require a second setup in order to machine them'.

I claim:-

l. In a machine tool having a work support and a tool support, the combination of power member from one extreme position to the other,

but movement of the trip plunger the same predetermined amount of movement in the opposite direction will only shift said control member from an extreme position to a central position.

2. In a machine tool having a pair oi' slides selectively movable to generate different cutting paths,- the combination'of power operable means for moving the respective. slides including individual controls, each movable to a starting position to initiate a cycle of movement of .the respective slides, and .means carried by the slides whereby the moving slide will automatically prevent movement of the control lever for the'other slide to a starting position, including a plate carried by the slide and a pivoted member operatively connected to the control lever, said member being positioned to engage said plate when the lever is in a stop position.

3. In a machine tool having a pair of movable slides and fluid operable motors for moving the respective slides, the combination of means for controlling operation of said motors, including individual control valves therefor, a feed pump connected in parallel to said valves, a rapid traverse pump connected in series to said valves,

means in each valve to connect the feed pump for operation of the respective motor in one direction and to connect the rapid traverse pump for operation of the motor in an opposite direction, and

ananas interlock means to prevent utilization of more than one of said valves at a time.

4. In a milling machine having a bed, a cutting means carried by the bed, a work slide and a cutter slide carried by the bed, the combination of transmission means for effecting sequential movement of the slides to produce different cutting paths including fluid operable pistons, individual control valves therefor having stop positions,

means to move either of said valves from its stop position to an operating position, and positive acting means effective on said movement for holding the other valve in a stop position, said positive acting means including a dog carried by the slide, a plate carried by the moving slideand linkage interposed therebetween and connected to the valve.

5. In a millingmachine having a bed, a cutter spindle journaled on the bed, a work slide, and a cutter slide having a cutter spindle journaled therein, the combination of transmission means for producing different cutting paths including branch transmissions to each slide, control members for each branch transmission having a centrai or stop position, a feed position on one side land a rapid traverse position on the other side of said central position, means carried by the slides when in a starting position to prevent movement of either of. said controls to a rapid traverse position, either of said controls being movable at will however to a feed position to cause movement of its respective slide, and means positionable by the moved slide as it leaves its starting position to lock the control member of the other slide in its stop position.

6. In a milling machine having a bed, acutter spindle journaled in the bed, a work slide, and a cutter supporting slide, the combination oi' transmission means for moving each of said slides for producing different cutting paths includins branch transmissions to each slide, individual rate and direction control members therefor having a stop position, a feed forward position and a rapid return position, a trip plunger associated with each slide.linkages operatively connecting the trip plungers to the respective control members, manual control levers for the control members and remotely located with respect to said trip plungers, dogs carried by each of said slides and effective upon return movement thereof to shift said control members to a stop position, each linkage including an interlock lever, interlock plates carried by the slides and cooperating with the interlock lever of the other slide whereby upon movement of one slide the control linkage of the other slide is locked; and relieved portions in each plate and eective when the slides are in a starting position to permit operation of either linkage at will 7. In a machine tool having a cutter support and a work support, one of which is movable relative to the other, the combination with transmission means for effecting said movement, of a transmission control member, a trip control plunger associated with the movable slide and remotely located with respect to said control member, a linkage mechanism interconnecting said trip plunger for transmission of movement to said control lever, and a detent mechanism connected to each end of said linkage for insuring accurate positioning of both said trip plunger and said control member.

HERMAN HORLACHER. 

